Early Western Civilization

Traces the development of western civilization in 20 year time periods from 1050 to the present, in Europe and the New World.


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March 05, 2007

1789-1809 Revolution, Locomotives, Gaslight & Vaccination


It was the reign of George III, the year the French Revolution started (1789) and there was constant warfare in the world.

The most terrible of the wars were the 1792–1802 French Revolutionary Wars and the 1795–1804 Irish Revolt against British rule in Ireland. There was no peace at all. One war finished somewhere, another one started somewhere else, but mostly they just overlapped each other.

There was also the 1791–1804 Haitian Revolution, the 1792 War in defence of the constitution in Poland,  the 1794 Kosciuszko Uprising in Poland, the 1796 Persian Expedition of Catherine the Great, the 1800 War of the Castes in Haiti, the 1801 War of the Oranges, the 1801-1805 First Barbary War, the 1801-1807 Temme War, the 1802-1805 Second War of Haitian Independence, the 1802-1805 Second Anglo-Maratha War, the 1803-1804 British Expedition to Ceylon, the 1803-1815 Napoleonic Wars, the 1807-1809 First Norwegian-Swedish War, and the 1807-1812 Anglo-Russian War.

This 20 year year period saw amazing changes on the political front. After executing their French royalty, in 1804 the French proclaimed Napoleon the Emperor of France and two years later, in 1806, the ancient Holy Roman Empire came to an end. Also, there were changes in attitude towards slavery. In 1792 Denmark prohibited the slave trade and in 1807 slavery was abolished in the British dominions.

On a brighter note, thgre were some wonderful inventions. In 1791 the self winding watch was invented by Breguet, in 1792 gas lighting was invented by William Murdoch, in 1796 Edward Jenner discovered that vaccination with cowpox gives immunity to smallpox, in 1804 the locomotive was invented by Richard Trevithick, in 1805 morphine was discovered by Sertuner as a painkiller and in 1808 barium was discovered by Humphry Davy.

This period saw the beginning of what was to become the great railway rollout over the world and the beginning of the end of the stagecoach.

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